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The Story of Cædmon

The story of Cædmon, the illiterate cowherd who received the gift of song from God, is told in Book Four, Chapter 25 of Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People. It was translated into Old English, probably during the reign of King Alfred the Great, by an anonymous Mercian scholar.

For a complete edition of the Old English Bede, see Miller 1890–8. For an edition of Cædmon’s Hymn in all its versions, see O’Donnell 2005.

[1] In ðeosse abbudissan mynstre wæs sum brōðor syndriġlīċe mid godcundre ġife ġemǣred ond ġeweorðad, for þon ġewunade ġerisenliċe lēoð wyrċan þā ðe ǣfestnisse ond ārfæstnisse belumpen, swā ðætte swā hwæt swā of godcundum stafum þurh bōceras ġeleornode, þæt æfter medmiċlum fæce in scopġereorde mid þā mǣstan swētnisse ond inbryrdnisse ġeglænġde ond in Engliscġereorde wel ġeworht forþbrōhte. [2] Ond for his lēoþsongum moniġra monna mōd oft worulde forhogdnisse ond ġeþēodnisse þæs heofonlican līfes onbærnde wǣron. [3] Ond ēac swelċe moniġe ōðre æfter him in Ongelþēode ongunnon ǣfeste lēoð wyrċan; ac nǣniġ hwæðre him þæt ġelīċe dōn meahte, for þon nales from monnum ne þurh mon ġelǣred wæs, þæt þone lēoðcræft leornade, ac wæs godcundlīċe ġefultumed ond þurh Godes ġife þone songcræft onfēng. [4] Ond for ðon nǣfre nōht lēasunge ne īdles lēoþes wyrċan meahte, ac efne þā ān þā ðe ǣfestnesse belumpon, ond his þā ǣfestan tungan ġedeofanade singan.

[5] Wæs se mon in weoruldhāde ġeseted þā tīde þe wæs ġelȳfdre ylde, ond nǣfre nǣniġ lēoð ġeleornade. [6] Ond for þon oft in ġebēorscipe, þonne þǣr wæs blisse intinga ġedēmed, þæt hēo ealle sceoldon þurh endebyrdnesse be hearpan singan, þonne ġeseah þā hearpan him nēalēċan, þonne ārās for forscome from þǣm symble ond hām ēode his hūse. [7] Þā þæt þā sumre tīde dyde, þæt forlēt þæt hūs þæs ġebēorscipes ond ūt wæs gongende nēata scipene, þāra heord him wæs þǣre neahte beboden, þā ðā þǣr in ġelimpliċe tīde his leomu on reste ġesette ond onslēpte, þā stōd him sum mon æt þurh swefn ond hine hālette ond grētte ond hine be his noman nemnde: "Cedmon, sing hwæthwugu." [8] Þā ondswarede ond cwæð: "Ne con nōht singan; ond for þon of þeossum ġebēorscipe ūt ēode ond hider ġewāt, for þon nāht singan ne cūðe." [9] Eft cwæð, se ðe wið hine sprecende wæs: "Hwæðre þū meaht singan." [10] Þā cwæð hē: "Hwæt sceal singan?" Cwæð hē: "Sing frumsceaft."

[11] Þā ðā þās andsware onfēng, þā ongon sōna singan in herenesse Godes Scyppendes þā fers ond þā word þe nǣfre ġehȳrde, þāra endebyrdnes þis is:

  [12] sculon heriġean     heofonrīċes weard,
  Meotodes meahte     ond his mōdġeþanc,
  weorc wuldorfæder,     swā wundra ġehwæs,
  ēċe Drihten,     ōr onstealde.

 
[13] ǣrest sceōp     eorðan bearnum
  heofon hrōfe,     hāliġ Scyppend;
  þā middanġeard     monncynnes weard,
  ēċe Drihten,     æfter tēode
  fīrum foldan,     Frēa ælmihtiġ.

[14] Þā ārās from þǣm slǣpe, ond eal þā þe slǣpende song fæste in ġemynde hæfde, ond þǣm wordum sōna moniġ word in þæt ilce ġemet Gode wyrðes songes tōġeþēodde. [15] Þā cōm on morgenne þǣm tūnġerēfan þe his ealdormon wæs; sæġde him hwylċe ġife onfēng; ond hine sōna þǣre abbudissan ġelǣdde ond hire þā cȳðde ond sæġde. [16] Þā heht hēo ġesomnian ealle þā ġelǣredestan men ond þā leorneras, ond him ondweardum hēt secgan þæt swefn ond þæt lēoð singan, þæt ealra heora dōme ġecoren wǣre, hwæt oððe hwonon þæt cumen wǣre.

[17] Þā wæs him eallum ġeseġen, swā swā hit wæs, þæt him wǣre from Drihtne sylfum heofonliċ ġifu forġifen. [18] Þā rehton hēo him ond sæġdon sum hāliġ spell ond godcundre lāre word; bebudon him þā, ġif meahte, þæt in swinsunge lēoþsonges þæt ġehwyrfde. [19] Þā ðā hæfde þā wīsan onfongne, þā ēode hām his hūse, ond cwōm eft on morgenne, ond þȳ betstan lēoðe ġeglenġed him āsong ond āġeaf þæt him beboden wæs.

[20] Ðā ongan sēo abbudisse clyppan ond lufiġean þā Godes ġife in þǣm men; ond hēo hine þā monade ond lǣrde þæt woruldhād ānforlēte ond munuchād onfēnge, ond þæt wel þāfode. [21] Ond hēo hine in þæt mynster onfēng mid his gōdum ond hine ġeþēodde ġesomnunge þāra Godes þēowa; ond heht hine lǣran þæt ġetæl þæs hālgan stǣres ond spelles. [22] Ond eal þā in ġehȳrnesse ġeleornian meahte mid hine ġemyndgade, ond swā swā clǣne nēten eodorcende in þæt swēteste lēoð ġehwerfde. [23] Ond his song ond his lēoð wǣron swā wynsumu tō gehȳranne þætte þā seolfan his lārēowas æt his mūðe wreoton ond leornodon. [24] Song ǣrest be middanġeardes ġesceape ond bi fruman moncynnes ond eal þæt stǣr ġenesis (þæt is sēo ǣreste Moyses booc), ond eft bi ūtgonge Israhēla folces of Ægypta londe ond bi ingonge þæs ġehātlandes, ond bi ōðrum monegum spellum þæs hālgan ġewrites canōnes bōca, ond bi Crīstes menniscnesse ond bi his þrōwunge ond bi his ūpāstīġnesse in heofonas, ond bi þæs Hālgan Gāstes cyme ond þāra apostola lāre, ond eft bi þǣm dæġe þæs tōweardan dōmes ond bi fyrhtu þæs tintreġlican wiites, ond bi swētnesse þæs heofonlecan rīċes moniġ lēoð ġeworhte. [25] Ond swelċe ēac ōðer moniġ be þǣm godcundan fremsumnessum ond dōmum ġeworhte. [26] In eallum þǣm ġeornlīċe ġēmde þæt men ātuge from synna lufan ond māndǣda, ond lufan ond ġeornfulnesse āwehte gōdra dǣda, for þon wæs se mon swīþe ǣfest ond regollecum þēodscipum ēaðmōdlīċe underþēoded. [27] Ond wið þǣm þā ðe in ōðre wīsan dōn woldon wæs mid welme miċelre ellenwōdnisse onbærned, ond for ðon fæġre ænde his līf betȳnde ond ġeendade.

[28] For þon þā ðǣre tīde nēalǣċte his ġewītenesse ond forðfōre, þā wæs fēowertȳnum dagum ǣr þæt wæs līċhomlicre untrymnesse þryċċed ond hefgad, hwæðre þon ġemetlīċe þæt ealle þā tīd meahte ġe sprecan ġe gongan. [29] Wæs þǣr in nēaweste untrumra monna hūs, in þǣm heora þēaw wæs þæt hēo þā untrumran ond þā ðe æt forðfōre wǣron inlǣdon sceoldon ond him þǣr ætsomne þeġnian. [30] Þā bæd his þeġn on ǣfenne þǣre neahte þe of worulde gongende wæs þæt in þǣm hūse him stōwe ġeġearwode, þæt ġerestan meahte. [31] Þā wundrode se þeġn for hwon ðæs bǣde, for þon him þūhte þæt his forðfōr swā nēah ne wǣre; dyde hwæðre swā swā cwæð ond bibēad.

[32] Ond mid þȳ ðā þǣr on reste ēode ond ġefēonde mōde sumu þing mid him sprecende ætgædere ond glēowiende wæs þe þǣr ǣr inne wǣron, þā wæs ofer midde neaht þæt fræġn hwæðer hēo ǣniġ hūsl inne hæfdon. [33] Þā ondswarodon hēo ond cwǣdon: "Hwylċ þearf is ðē hūsles? Ne þīnre forþfōre swā nēah is, þū þus rōtlīċe ond þus glædlīċe ūs sprecende eart." [34] Cwæð eft: "Berað hūsl tō." [35] Þā hit þā on honda hæfde, þā fræġn hwæþer hēo ealle smolt mōd ond, būton eallum incan, blīðe him hæfdon. [36] Þā ondswaredon ealle ond cwǣdon þæt hēo nǣniġne incan him wiston, ac hēo ealle him swīðe blīðemōde wǣron; ond hēo wrixendlīċe hine bǣdon þæt him eallum blīðe wǣre. [37] Þā ondswarade ond cwæð: "Mīne brōðor, mīne þā lēofan, eom swīðe blīðemōd ēow ond eallum Godes monnum." [38] Ond swā wæs hine ġetrymmende mid þȳ heofonlecan weġneste ond him ōðres līfes ingong ġeġearwode.

[39] Þā ġȳt fræġn nēah þǣre tīde wǣre þætte þā brōðor ārīsan scolden ond Godes lof rǣran ond heora ūhtsong singan. [40] Þā ondswaredon hēo: "Nis hit feor þon." [41] Cwæð hē: "Teala: wuton wel þǣre tīde bīdan." [42] Ond þā him ġebæd ond hine ġeseġnode mid Crīstes rōdetācne ond his hēafod onhylde þām bolstre ond medmiċel fæc onslēpte, ond swā mid stilnesse his līf ġeendade.

[43] Ond swā wæs ġeworden þætte swā swā hlūttre mōde ond bilwitre ond smyltre wilsumnesse Drihtne þēode, þæt ēac swylċe swā smylte dēaðe middanġeard wæs forlǣtende ond his ġesihðe becwōm. [44] Ond sēo tunge þe swā moniġ hālwende word in þæs Scyppendes lof ġesette, ðā swelċe ēac þā ȳtmæstan word in his herenisse, hine seolfne seġniende ond his gāst in his honda bebēodende, betȳnde. [45] Ēac swelċe þæt is ġeseġen þæt wǣre ġewis his seolfes forðfōre of þǣm secgan hȳrdon.